【TED演讲】必看100场TED演讲合集 - 【TED演讲】人生不只是要快乐

视频全文转录（中英双语）

以下为完整中英双语转录，已加标点。英文在前，中文在后，逐段对照。

由 Groq Whisper 转录 → M2.7 B 方案整文标点 + 分段 → M2.7 段号保留翻译 → 逐段对照。

[段 1]

I used to think the whole purpose of life was pursuing happiness. Everyone said the path to happiness was success, so I searched for that ideal job, that perfect boyfriend, that beautiful apartment. But instead of ever feeling fulfilled, I felt anxious and adrift. And I wasn’t alone. my friends, they struggled with this too. Eventually, I decided to go to graduate school for positive psychology to learn what truly makes people happy. But what I discovered there changed my life. The data showed that chasing happiness can make people unhappy. And what really struck me was this. The suicide rate has been rising around the world, and it recently reached a 30-year high in America. Even though life is getting objectively better by nearly every conceivable standard, more people feel hopeless, depressed and alone. There an emptiness gnawing away at people and you don have to be clinically depressed to feel it Sooner or later I think we all wonder is this all there is And according to the research what predicts this despair is not a lack of happiness. It’s a lack of something else, a lack of having meaning in life. But that raised some questions for me. is there more to life than being happy? And what’s the difference between being happy and having meaning in life? Many psychologists define happiness as a state of comfort and ease, feeling good in the moment.

[译文 1]

我曾经以为，人生的全部目的就是追求幸福。每个人都说过，通往幸福的道路是成功，于是我寻找那份理想的工作、那个完美的男友、那套漂亮的公寓。但我非但从未感到充实，反而感到焦虑和迷茫。而且不止我一个，我的朋友们也为此苦恼。终于，我决定去攻读积极心理学硕士，想弄清楚到底是什么让人幸福。但我在那里发现的东西改变了我的生活。数据显示，追求幸福反而会让人不幸福。真正震撼我的是这个事实：全世界的自杀率一直在上升，最近在美国达到了30年来的最高点。尽管生活按几乎所有可以想到的客观标准都在变好，但越来越多的人感到绝望、抑郁和孤独。有一种空虚在侵蚀着人们，你不必达到临床抑郁的程度才能感受到它。我认为 sooner or later we all wonder is this all there is 根据研究，这种绝望的预测因素不是缺乏幸福，而是缺乏其他东西——缺乏人生的意义。但这让我产生了一些问题。人生是否不仅仅是快乐？快乐和有人生意义之间有什么区别？许多心理学家将幸福定义为一种舒适和轻松的状态，是此时此刻感觉良好。

[段 2]

Meaning, though, is deeper. The renowned psychologist Martin Seligman says meaning comes from belonging to and serving something beyond yourself and from developing the best within you. Our culture is obsessed with happiness, but I came to see that seeking meaning is the more fulfilling path. And the study showed that people who have meaning in life, they’re more resilient, they do better in school and at work, and they even live longer. So this all made me wonder, how can we each live more meaningfully To find out I spent five years interviewing hundreds of people and reading through thousands of pages of psychology neuroscience and philosophy Bringing it all together, I found that there are what I call four pillars of a meaningful life. And we can each create lives of meaning by building some or all of these pillars in our lives. The first pillar is belonging. Belonging comes from being in relationships where you’re valued for who you are intrinsically and where you value others as well. But some groups and relationships deliver a cheap form of belonging. You’re valued for what you believe, for who you hate, not for who you are. True belonging springs from love. It lives in moments among individuals, and it’s a choice you can choose to cultivate belonging with others. Here’s an example. Each morning, my friend Jonathan buys a newspaper from the same street vendor in New York.

[译文 2]

然而，意义更加深刻。著名心理学家马丁·塞利格曼说，意义来自于归属和服务于超越自我的事物，来自于发展你内在最好的一面。我们的文化痴迷于幸福，但我开始意识到，寻求意义是一条更充实的道路。研究表明，有人生意义的人，他们更有韧性，在学校和工作中表现更好，甚至寿命更长。这一切让我不禁思考，我们每个人如何才能活得更有意义？为了找到答案，我花了五年时间采访了数百人，阅读了数千页的心理学、神经科学和哲学资料。将这一切整合起来，我发现有人生意义的四个支柱。我们每个人都可以通过在我们的生活中构建这些支柱的一些或全部来创造有意义的生活。第一个支柱是归属感。归属感来自于处于一种被重视的关系中——你因为真实的自己而被珍视，你也同样珍视他人。但有些群体和关系提供的是一种廉价的归属感。你被重视是因为你相信什么、因为你仇恨谁，而不是因为你是谁。真正的归属感源于爱。它存在于人与人之间的时刻，而且它是一种你可以选择与他人培养的东西。举个例子。每天早上，我朋友乔纳森都会从纽约同一个街头小贩那里买一份报纸。

[段 3]

They don’t just conduct a transaction, though. They take a moment to slow down, talk, and treat each other like humans. But one time Jonathan didn have the right change and the vendor said don worry about it But Jonathan insisted on paying so he went to the store and bought something he didn need to make change But when he gave the money to the vendor, the vendor drew back. He was hurt. He was trying to do something kind, but Jonathan had rejected him. I think we all reject people in small ways like this without realizing it. I do. I’ll walk by someone I know and barely acknowledge them. I’ll check my phone when someone’s talking to me. These acts devalue others. They make them feel invisible and unworthy. But when you lead with love, you create a bond that lifts each of you up. For many people, belonging is the most essential source of meaning, those bonds to family and For others, the key to meaning is the second pillar, purpose. Now, finding your purpose is not the same thing as finding that job that makes you happy. Purpose is less about what you want than about what you give. A hospital custodian told me her purpose is healing sick people. Many parents tell me, my purpose is raising my children. The key to purpose is using your strengths to serve others.Her purpose is healing sick people.

[译文 3]

然而，他们不只是进行一笔交易。他们会花点时间放慢脚步，聊聊天，像对待人一样对待彼此。但有一次乔纳森没有合适的零钱，小贩说别担心。但乔纳森坚持要付钱，所以他去商店买了些他根本不需要的东西来换零钱。但当他把钱递给小贩时，小贩退缩了。他受伤了。他想做件好事，但乔纳森拒绝了他。我认为我们所有人都会在小事上这样拒绝别人而不自知。我也会。我会走过我认识的人却几乎不跟他们打招呼。当有人在跟我说话时，我会查看手机。这些行为贬低他人，让他们感到被忽视和不值得。但当你以爱为先导时，你创造的纽带会提升彼此。对许多人来说，归属感是最重要的意义来源，那些与家人的纽带。对另一些人来说，通往意义的关键是第二个支柱——目的。现在，找到你的目的与找到那份让你快乐的工作不是一回事。目的不是你想要什么，而是你给予什么。一位医院清洁工告诉我，她的目的是治愈生病的人。许多父母告诉我，我，目的是养育我的孩子。目的的关键是利用你的优势去服务他人。

[段 4]

Many parents tell me, my purpose is raising my children. The key to purpose is using your strengths to serve others. Of course, for many of us, that happens through work. That’s how we contribute and feel needed. But that also means that issues like disengagement at work, unemployment, low labor force participation, these aren’t just economic problems, they’re existential ones too. Without something worthwhile to do, people flounder. Of course, you don’t have to find purpose at work, but purpose gives you something to live for, some why that drives you forward. The third pillar of meaning is also about stepping beyond yourself, but in a completely different way. Transcendence. Transcendent states are those rare moments when you’re lifted above the hustle and bustle of daily life, your sense of self fades away, and you feel connected to a higher reality. For one person I talked to, transcendence came from seeing art. For another person, it was at church. For me I a writer and it happens through writing Sometimes I get so in the zone that I lose all sense of time and place And these transcendent experiences can change you One study had students look up at 200 feet tall eucalyptus trees for one minute, but afterwards they felt less self-centered and they even behaved more generously when given the chance to help someone. Belonging, purpose, transcendence.

[译文 4]

她的目的是治愈生病的人。许多父母告诉我，我的目的是养育我的孩子。目的的关键是利用你的优势去服务他人。当然，对我们中的许多人来说，这发生在工作中。这就是我们贡献和感到被需要的方式。但这也意味着，像工作懈怠、失业、低劳动力参与率这些问题，这些不仅仅是经济问题，它们也是存在主义问题。没有值得做的事情，人们就会茫然无措。当然，你不必在工作上找到目的，但目的给了你活下去的理由，一些推动你前进的"为什么"。意义的第三个支柱也是关于超越自我，但以一种完全不同的方式——超越。超越状态是那些罕见的时刻，你被提升到日常生活的喧嚣之上，你的自我感消融了，你感到与更高的现实相连。对我交谈过的一位来说，超越来自于欣赏艺术。对另一个人来说，是在教堂。对我来说，我是一名作家，这种感觉通过写作而来。有时候我完全沉浸其中，失去了对时间和地点的所有感知。这些超越体验可以改变你。一项研究让学生们抬头看一分钟200英尺高的桉树，但之后他们感到自我中心感减少了，甚至在有机会帮助他人时表现得更加慷慨。归属感、目的、超越。

[段 5]

Now, the fourth pillar of meaning I found tends to surprise people. The fourth pillar is storytelling, the story you tell yourself about yourself. Creating a narrative from the events of your life brings clarity. It helps you understand how you became you. But we don’t always realize that we’re the authors of our stories and can change the way we’re telling them. Your life isn’t just a list of events. You can edit, interpret, and retell your story, even as you’re constrained by the facts. I met a young man named Emeka, who’d been paralyzed playing football. After his injury, Emeka told himself, my life was great playing football, but now look at me People who tell stories like this my life was good now it bad they tend to be more anxious and depressed And that was Emeka for a while. But with time, he started to weave a different story. His new story was, before my injury, my life was purposeless. I partied a lot and was a pretty selfish guy. But my injury made me realize I could be a better man. That edit to his story changed Emeka’s life. After telling the new story to himself, Emeka started mentoring kids, and he discovered what his purpose was, serving others. The psychologist Dan McAdams calls this a redemptive story, where the bad is redeemed by the good.

[译文 5]

现在，我发现的第四个意义支柱往往会让人们惊讶。第四个支柱是叙事，关于你自己的故事。把你生活中发生的事件编织成一个叙事会带来清晰感。它帮助你理解你是如何成为现在的你的。但我们并不总是意识到，我们是故事的作者，可以改变我们讲述它们的方式。你的生活不仅仅是一系列事件。你可以编辑、诠释和重述你的故事，即使你受到事实的约束。我遇到了一个叫埃梅卡的年轻人，他在踢足球时瘫痪了。受伤后，埃梅卡告诉自己，我的生活在踢足球时很棒，但现在看看我。像这样讲述故事的人——我的生活曾经很好，现在变糟了——他们往往更容易焦虑和抑郁。那就是埃梅卡一段时间的状态。但随着时间推移，他开始编织一个不同的故事。他的新故事是，受伤前，我的生活是没有目的的。我经常聚会，是个相当自私的人。但我的受伤让我意识到我可以成为一个更好的人。他对自己故事的修改改变了埃梅卡的生活。在告诉自己新故事后，埃梅卡开始指导孩子们，他发现了自己的目的——服务他人。心理学家丹·麦克亚当斯称这是一个救赎的故事，糟糕的事情被美好所救赎。

[段 6]

People leading meaningful lives, he’s found, they tend to tell stories about their lives defined by redemption, growth, and love. But what makes people change their stories? Some people get help from a therapist, but you can do it on your own too, just by reflecting on your life thoughtfully. How your defining experiences shaped you, what you lost, what you gained. That’s what Emeka did. You won’t change your story overnight. It could take years and be painful After all we all suffered and we all struggle But embracing those painful memories can lead to new insights and wisdom to finding that good that sustains you. Belonging, purpose, transcendence, storytelling. Those are the four pillars of meaning. When I was younger, I was lucky enough to be surrounded by all of the pillars. My parents ran a Sufi meeting house from our home in Montreal. Sufism is a spiritual practice associated with the whirling dervishes and the poet Rumi. Twice a week, Sufis would come to our home to meditate, drink Persian tea, and share stories. Their practice also involved serving all of creation through small acts of love, which meant being kind even when people wronged you. but it gave them a purpose to rein in the ego. Eventually, I left home for college, and without the daily grounding of Sufism in my life, I felt unmoored, and I started searching for those things that make life worth living.

[译文 6]

他发现，过着有意义生活的人，往往讲述的是以救赎、成长和爱为定义的人生故事。但是什么让人们改变他们的故事呢？有些人从治疗师那里获得帮助，但你也可以自己做到，只需深思熟虑地反思你的生活。你的经历如何塑造了你，你失去了什么，你获得了什么。这就是埃梅卡所做的。你不会一夜之间改变你的故事。可能需要数年时间，而且可能是痛苦的。毕竟我们所有人都遭受过痛苦，我们所有人都在挣扎。但拥抱那些痛苦的记忆可以带来新的洞察和智慧，找到支撑你的那份美好。归属感、目的、超越、叙事。这些就是意义的四个支柱。当我年轻时，我很幸运地被所有这些支柱所包围。我的父母在蒙特利尔的家中经营一个苏菲派聚会场所。苏菲主义是一种与旋转的托钵僧和诗人鲁米相关的精神修行。每周两次，苏菲派信徒会来到我们家冥想、喝波斯茶、分享故事。他们的修行还包括通过小小的爱的行为服务万物，这意味着即使在别人伤害你时也要善良。这给了他们一个目的来约束自我。后来，我离家上大学，失去了苏菲派修行在日常生活中的根基，我感到失去了依托，我开始寻找让生活值得活下去的那些东西。

[段 7]

That’s what set me on this journey. Looking back, I now realize that the Sufi house had a real coreand I started searching for those things that make life worth living. That’s what set me on this journey. Looking back, I now realize that the Sufi house had a real culture of meaning. The pillars were part of the architecture, and the presence of the pillars helped us all live more deeply. Of course, the same principle applies in other strong communities as well, good ones and bad ones. Gangs, cults, these are cultures of meaning that use the pillars and give people something to live and die for. But that’s exactly why we, as a society, must offer better alternatives. We need to build these pillars within our families and our institutions to help people become their best selves. But living a meaningful life takes work. It’s an ongoing process. As each day goes by, we’re constantly creating our lives, adding to our story. And sometimes we can get off track. Whenever that happens to me, I remember a powerful experience I had with my father. Several months after I graduated from college my dad had a massive heart attack that should have killed him He survived and when I asked him what was going through his mind as he faced death he said all he could think about was needing to live so he could be there for my brother and me, and this gave him the will to fight for life.

[译文 7]

这就是我踏上这段旅程的原因。回望过去，我现在意识到那个苏菲派小屋有着真正的核心，我开始寻找那些让生命值得活下去的东西。这就是我踏上这段旅程的原因。回望过去，我现在意识到那个苏菲派小屋有着真正的意义文化。柱子曾是建筑的一部分，而柱子的存在帮助我们所有人更深地生活。当然，同样的原则也适用于其他强大的社区，无论是好的还是坏的。帮派、邪教，这些都是意义文化，它们利用柱子给予人们为之生、为之死的东西。但正因为如此，我们作为一个社会，必须提供更好的替代方案。我们需要在家里和机构中建立这些柱子，帮助人们成为最好的自己。但过有意义的生活需要努力。这是一个持续的过程。随着每一天的流逝，我们不断创造着自己的生活，为我们的故事增添内容。有时我们可能会偏离轨道。每当这种情况发生在我身上时，我会想起与父亲的一次深刻经历。我大学毕业几个月后，父亲经历了一次本该夺去他生命的大规模心脏病发作。他活了下来，当我问他面对死亡时脑子里在想什么时，他说他的全部念头都是需要活下去，这样他才能陪伴我的兄弟和我，这给了他为生命而战的意志。

[段 8]

When he went under anesthesia for emergency surgery, instead of counting backwards from 10, he repeated our names like a mantra. He wanted our names to be the last words he spoke on earth if he died. My dad is a carpenter and a Sufi. It’s a humble life, but a good life. Lying there facing death, he had a reason to live. Love. His sense of belonging within his family, his purpose as a dad, his transcendent meditation repeating our names. These, he says, are the reasons why he survived. That’s the story he tells himself. That’s the power of meaning. Happiness comes and goes. But when life is really good and when things are really bad, having meaning gives you something to hold on to. Thank you. Thank you.

[译文 8]

当他接受紧急手术麻醉时，他没有从10倒数，而是像念咒语一样重复我们的名字。他希望如果自己死去，我们名字是他在这个世界上说的最后的话。我的父亲是一个木匠，也是一个苏菲派信徒。这是一个谦卑的生活，但也是个好生活。躺在那里面对死亡，他有一个活下去的理由。爱。他对家庭的归属感，作为父亲的责任感，他重复我们名字的超越性冥想。他说，这些就是他活下来的原因。这就是他告诉自己的故事。这就是意义的力量。幸福来了又走。但当生活真的很好的时候，当事情真的很糟糕的时候，拥有意义给了你一个可以抓住的东西。谢谢。谢谢。